Cultural Anthropology free essay sample

Social Anthropology All Anthropologists have various meanings of Culture. Much the same as how everyones Culture is unique. Some Anthropologist utilized other Anthropologist meanings of Culture. In this paper I am going to discuss three Anthropologist who somehow or another characterized Culture the equivalent yet in addition in an unexpected way. Those Anthropologist are Edward B. Tylor, Clifford Geertz, and Conrad Kottak. I am additionally going to discuss my comprehension of Culture. Tylor characterized Culture the best out of anyone. His defintion was intricate entire which incorporates knowledge,belief,art,morals,law,custom, and some other abilities and propensities aquired by man or citizen. Tylor applied thoughts of higher against lower Culture for a hypothesis on the development of religion. During this procedure he re-imagined Culture as various arrangements of action attributes of every human culture. His defintition was comprehensive quality of the humanly made world from material Culture to social spots to information and significance. Taking a gander at these sayings in spite of the fact that provocative, doesn't assist us with understanding them any better. The equivocalness of the analogy planned is difficult to add something extra to as it has made an oddity in itself. So in any case maybe we can see how individuals live respectively and how the expression neighborhood can mean definitely something beyond a topographical spot. Neighborhoods are developed with undeniably something other than a space, and the majority of which are inconspicuous, be that as it may, which are generally recognized. These ‘unseen’ rules are a piece of the social request that we are every one of the a piece of; how we carry on in specific circumstances, to individuals and spots. Being a neighbor implies being managed by specific traditions and implicit guidelines. A decent method of discovering what these traditions are is to ask individuals themselves, social researchers have led numerous reviews in the UK asking ‘what makes a decent neighbour’ and over and over they concoct a similar arrangement of answers. Willmott’s review found that ‘Neighbours are required to have a ’general demeanor towards friendliness’ while simultaneously, regarding others’ ‘need for security and reserve’. Making Social Lives, Chapter 6, pg. 253). Once more, comparative inquiries have been presented over the world, and discoveries were the equivalent. This incomprehensible circumstance expresses that being a decent neighbor is a fine harmony between the general population and private space. An examination created in 2004 reached the resolution that most neighbors impart out of entryways (Making Social Lives, Chapter 6, pg. 255), if they somehow managed to see a neighbor they may sit back of day with them, however they would not ‘neighbour’ in each other’s houses. The outside of a person’s house is by all accounts genuinely unbiased ground, while within is unmistakably increasingly private. Kate Fox (social anthropologist) backs this announcement up with her discoveries; she expresses that the front nursery is a ‘grey area’ where individuals can associate without being meddling (Making Social Lives, Chapter 6, pg. 256). Albeit certain principles are generally recognized, others are definitely not. In some different societies/social orders the guidelines administering their conduct are significantly extraordinary. A model can be found in anthropologist, Stanley Brandes work. He moved to a little town in Spain to examine the neighborhood resident’s propensities and customs. What he discovered there was notably unique in relation to the UK. For example in the UK entryways and windows and sometimes fences are the things which separate private and open spaces, though in Spain he found that inhabitants kept their entryway unlatched throughout the day which permitted neighbors to travel every which way however they see fit, even imparted their TVs to others in a mutual manner (Making Social Lives, Chapter 6, pg. 260). The residents appeared to nearly fear security, being saved really made others awkward. On the substance of things Brandes expected the town was an affectionate one, ‘a enormous family’, yet after looking into it further he found that what appeared from the start to be an open, agreeable condition was in actuality one worked of question and observation. By permitting each other access to their homes and lives, occupants had the option to watch each other to guarantee there was no conspiring or insidious conduct. Despite the fact that Brandes research in Spain and others taken in the UKseem on a superficial level to be altogether different, we can in any case reason that both are controlled by a lot of implicit guidelines used to direct how individuals live respectively. Looking all the more carefully at what the ‘fences’ speak to in the title question I might now want to go to social clinician Elizabeth Stokoe chip away at neighborhood debates. She was looking at the reaction of neighbors to specific sounds and commotions; especially that of sex, and her discoveries were fascinating. She found that it wasn’t so much the volume of the interruption as the substance (Making Social Lives, Chapter 6, pg. 264-265). This was viewed as an interruption, the sound is an extremely private one, and to hear it invokes various issues. Initially, it is an infringement to the individual hearing it, it likewise can have the impact of causing them to feel like a voyeur, and cause gigantic humiliation. Notwithstanding, raising such a grievance is laden most definitely, and for all included. The culprits included could feel disregarded as well, and even blame neighbors for listening in. It is a circumstance that needs cautious intercession, and is indispensable to making and fortifying the social request of neighborhoods. All in all, for what reason do wall make great neighbors? On the off chance that we observe the implicit guidelines of our specific network, it guarantees that all occupants have a sense of security and substance. On the off chance that anyway we pick as people to accomplish something outside of the standard there will be results. The amicability of the local will be vexed, and it should be fixed to proceed the on-going accord.

Business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Business morals - Essay Example In view of moral speculations and writing, this paper will endeavor to show that it is significant for organizations to grasp the idea of manageable improvement so as to develop their main concern and guarantee future development. Organizations are required to grasp supportable advancement on the grounds that thusly, they will satisfy their moral commitments to supportability. So as to comprehend these moral commitments, this paper examinations the moral speculations identified with supportability and how they apply. In an article by Mohamed Eid (2012) on economical turn of events, the writer relates the four significant moral speculations to supportability. These speculations help see how practical advancement is basic to any organization. The principal moral hypothesis supporting feasible improvement is utilitarian morals, a hypothesis that centers around the need to augment great and the advancement of bliss. In light of this hypothesis, maintainable advancement is drawn closer by taking a gander at the harmony between monetary, social and ecological government assistance. Organizations are consequently required to participate in activities that will advance the general great by finding some kind of harmony between these viewpoints. Organizations need to concentrate not just on themselves and the greater part in the public arena however incorporate the minorities too. This necessitates people in the future are viewed as when settling on basic choices. This likewise requests an attention on the monetary additions of the organization that address the issues everything being equal (Najam, 1999 p. 70). The utilitarian hypothesis expects organizations to utilize approaches and strategies that advance joy from the individual level to the more extensive society. Organizations consequently need to make a domain that ensures a superior future for everybody. Besides, supportability is likewise attached to the deontological hypothesis in which it is contended that activities are either right or wrong regardless of their results. For this situation, activities should be legitimized by acknowledged general standards. Right now,

When Should I Start the 2018-2019 Common App TKG

When Should I Start the 2018-2019 Common App We get this question a lot, particularly this time of year. Juniors are just peeking their heads up after (or during) finals to ask: what lies ahead? When should you start to complete the 2018-2019 Common Application? In short: yesterday. Are you behind? Yes.It would be out of character for us to be anything but honest with you, so listen when we tell you that you should have already made a Common App account on their website. It’s the easiest thing you could have on your to-do list because we know that you’re constantly creating logins for the garbage and non-garbage websites that you peruse for news updates, videos about the news because you don’t want to read the articles, and makeup tutorials.Here’s a glimpse into your future: you’re going to come up with every excuse possible not to do the things that we tell you to do, particularly taking that very first step of creating a Common App account. The reason you’ll avoid it is the same reason that people avoid most thing s: because it’s big and overwhelming. We get it.Let this serve as a reminder and a note of encouragementâ€"just log on and sign up today, and start filling out the Common App. The first few sections are purely logistical (you have to enter in your name, address, high school, etc.) and are incredibly easy. We know firsthand that once you complete the first few sections you’re going to feel better, like a weight is lifted, and that the rest of it isn’t going to be that scary.We’ll address the justification you’re thinking head-on, and perhaps why you haven’t signed up yet: “Wait, but I can’t sign up because once the supplements are released in August all of my answers will be deleted and I’ll have to start over!”We’ll give you that thought, though we’re pretty sure you hadn’t thought that far ahead. The thing is, it’s flawed. Once you create a login, it’s yours, all of your information is saved, and once supplements are released through the Common App, al l of your answers roll over. So, you’re out of excuses. You won’t lose any information. As we have said, the first four sections are purely informational and you can do them while you listen to some music while you’re on a break from all of your summer reading.We’ve seen this time and time again with students who leave everything until the last minute and who are not proactive in the least, particularly in the beginning stages of the application process (though technically the beginning of the college application process was the first week of your freshman year…now we’re at the end). They put it off, then they scramble to complete everything, and mistakes are made as a result. Columbia isn’t going to be impressed with spelling errors. Harvard will throw you in the “no” pile faster than you can say “It’s not red, it’s crimson.” It’s sloppy, stressful, and it creates a domino effect for the rest of the application process. Colleges are looking for any reaso n to reject you, so don’t make your rejection because of a missed deadline or misinformation.Parents: if you’re reading this, we’re really sorry your kid hasn’t gotten it together yet. Maybe encourage them to read this article. And to create a Common App account. But don’t do it for them. That’s another problematic dynamic we’ve observed: the parent who wants to do everything for their kid because it’s just “easier.” Sure, it’ll solve a short-term problem, but what about when your kid needs to choose classes or sign up for stuff themselves? You’re creating a dependency loop that is hard to break.If you need help creating a schedule, tips for motivating your kid, or just some general guidance on this whole process, then please reach out. We’re here to help you.

The Case Of A Prayer For Owen Meany By John Irving

The American Dream throughout the Century White picket fences, rows of houses that are carbon copies of each other, and the perfect family who owned all of this. For years, it was said that this was the true ideal to be met. The long sought after American Dream has been apart of this nation for decades and continues to change as the times do. In the case of A Prayer for Owen Meany by John Irving, the author incorporates both the American Dream from the 1950s and 1960s, but also today s take on the subject. To thoroughly understand the differences between the American Dream of the 20th century and today, one must first look at the historical events that took place while keeping in mind what is happening currently. In Irving s book, he†¦show more content†¦(while) North Korea’s vice foreign minister, Han Song-ryol, said on Friday that the United States was becoming more vicious and aggressive† under Mr. Trump and that â€Å"we will go to war if they choose † (LINE NUMBERS). In various other news articles, it is reported that diplomats from not only South Korea, but China are brokering agreements with the United States in hopes of avoiding the war. For years, war with North Korea has been suggested, forgotten, and reevaluated. In 2017, it seems there is growing tension and Americans are not prepared for what could happen if the war was to begin. There is no patriotism in this case, no one is ready to go to war with North Korea. This would not be a war that the men and women of the country would fight; it would be with nuclear weapons and the push of a few buttons. In Irving s book, there is something to be fought for-- the protection of a country from the evil grasp of Communism. In the case of North Korea, there is only an angry leader who has harboured hatred towards the United States for years. In summary, the American dream currently is not to go to war for the sake of fighting, the people need something to fight for in order to justify their persona l American Dream. More important than the historical events are the people involved in creating their dreams. In AShow MoreRelatedThe Character and Psyche of Owen Meany Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Irving begins his novel with one of the most iconic introductory lines in modern literature; introducing a character who is a great source of pain and anguish, yet the ultimate source behind the narrator’s belief in God (Irving 3). In this paradoxical sentiment the theme of the book born, what follows it is a journey that is different from any other. John Wheelwright, the narrator, tells a story of his best friend Owen Meany and what effect he has had on John’s own life, while concurrently interjectingRead MoreA Prayer For Owen Meany Analysis1876 Words   |  8 Pagessecrets at once† (Stephen King). This is present in A Prayer for Owen Meany as all the secrets aren’t given up till the end. A Prayer for Owen Meany by John Irving is a novel categorized in the genre of myste ry. In Owen Meany there are three main mysteries revealed throughout the story. All of these mysteries have answers that are unexpected to the reader. In addition, each mystery deals with Owen’s faith and purpose in a different way. In this case Irving’s main message is that everything in life mayRead MoreDiscrimination on Basis of Appearance Essay1143 Words   |  5 Pagesof the way you look, which was the case in the novel â€Å"A Prayer for Owen Meany. The story reflects the treatment he received because of his outward appearance. Based on the novel by John Irving, Owen was a dwarf and because of his condition his body was malformed. He had a very weird voice and his classmates loved picking him up. His skin color was like that of a gravestone, gray and always looked translucent. The girls referred to him as, â€Å"a little doll† (Irving 3). When his teacher would leaveRead More Owen Meany Essay1384 Words   |  6 Pageswritten by John Irving, A PRAYER FOR OWEN MEANY, the protagonist, Owen Meany, developed an unusual religious significance. Owen experienced visions of future events, he had a unique type of faith in God that most do not attain, and Owen spoke endlessly to inform people about God. Throughout Owens life he demonstrated the same characteristics as a prophet through his actions and his words. Thus one could conclude that Owen Meany is a prophet. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Similar to a prophet, Owen wasRead MoreAnalysis Of John Irving s The Fate God 1105 Words   |  5 Pagesimportance of the things lost. Throughout the novel, John Irving depicts different unique objects that has either has no arms or has lost their arms. The armadillo, Tabitha’s dressmaker dummy, his swaddled body, and Mary Magdalene’s statue are symbolically omen for Owen. Of all the objects, the Watahantowet’s familiar totem was greatest message from God to Owen for that it appeared in the beginning and in the end. In the fate God has prepared for him, Owen learns the true meaning of loss through various

The Impacts of the Internet on Journal Publishing

Introduction The Internet has transformed the way in which knowledge is disseminated, discoveries are shared and traditional business model of academic journal is operated in the electronic environment. At the same time, Internet as a medium also construct a completely new model of knowledge learning and distribution, which is the Open Access, funded by author-pay, institutional sponsorship, advertising, etc. As a result, the full text of content is free to all the readers around the world. However, negative impacts are brought to both readers and authors simultaneously. For example, authors have the responsibility to pay the publication fee and academic journals are incentivized by the OA to publish more journals, which will affect the overall quality and thus, the whole publication infrastructure of the OA model is not sustainable in the long run. Though not denying these impediments, this essay concentrates on the positive impacts of the Internet on journal publishing from the viewpoint of aca demic journals. Drawing the work of various scholars and taking Wiley Open Access as a case study, this essay identifies the impacts of the Internet on academic journal publishing by examining dynamic changes in practices and behaviors of readers and authors. I seek not to cover all the aspects, but to paying particular attention to scholarly communication. Impact of the Internet on journal publishing Academic journals have remained outstandingly unchanged in terms ofShow MoreRelatedMcsweeney s Publishing : An American Non Profit Publishing House1211 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction McSweeney s Publishing is an American non-profit publishing house founded by editor Dave Eggers in 1998, based in San Francisco. McSweeney s initially published only the literary journal Timothy McSweeney s Quarterly Concern, a literary magazine that only published work rejected elsewhere. It has since grown to include four print literary magazines (McSweeney’s Quarterly Concern, Wholfin, Lucky Peach, The Believer), a web humor magazine (MsSweeney’s Internet Tendency), a scholarshipRead MoreThe Production Of Books Changed Over The Last Twenty Five Years Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Question and Objectives How has the production of books changed over the last twenty-five years? The focus of this paper is exploring the environmental effects of book production, the impact of the literary revolution, the changes in popularity of genres and authors, well known publishing companies and changes in book usage. II. Thesis Statement With multiple advancements in the production of books over the last several centuries, the era of book digitization is our most currentRead MoreHow Can We Bring Public Health For All Policies? Strategies For Healthy Societies?803 Words   |  4 PagesL. Daniel (Ed.), Annual Editions: Health, 36th Edition (pp. 35-37). McGraw-Hill Publishing: New York, NY. Berg, R. (2010). Bed bugs: The pesticide dilemma. In E. L. Daniel (Ed.), Annual Editions: Health, 36th Edition (pp. 155-158). McGraw-Hill Publishing: New York, NY. Bert, F., Giacomo, S., Gualano, M. R., Siliquini, R. (2015). How can we bring public health in all policies? Strategies for healthy societies. Journal of Public Health Research, 4(393). doi:10.4081/jphr.2015.393 Cherry, J. D. (2010)Read More The Legitimacy of Electronic Scholarly Publishing Essay example3539 Words   |  15 PagesThe Legitimacy of Electronic Scholarly Publishing At most institutions of higher learning in the United States and worldwide the emphasis is placed on the depth and breadth of the institutions research, at least as far as the institutions reputation and renown are concerned. An institution that does not produce much scholarly research in the form of conference activity or publication activity will not carry the same high regard as an institution which is much more involved inRead MoreAdvances And Development Of Tourism : A Literature Of Review1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthis literature review is the advances of technology in tourism. The purpose of this literature review will explore the major opportunities for tourism service providers. The literature gathered from a variety of resources in particular areas of Internet and social media, innovation of technology in multimedia and hotel design, and transport technology. Role of Technology in Tourism Nowadays, the use of technology has grown rapidly in the world. Technology has come and has improved the mode of transportationRead MoreInformation Security, Minor Assignment1575 Words   |  7 Pages3 Introduction 3 Profile of Threat 3 Profile Completion 4 Situational crime Prevention 4 Law 6 International scope 6 Conclusion 7 Reference 8 â€Æ' Summary Computer security is the security applied to the computers and their networks including the internet. Physical security and information security are the two types of computer securities which prevent theft of equipment and data. (Man, 2015). Security vulnerabilities can be defined as an unintended flaw in the system that leaves opportunity for unauthorizedRead MoreClothing Stores E-Commerce Implementation: Case Study1439 Words   |  6 PagesThere are several ethical dilemmas that come with e-commerce in all businesses (Powell, 2011). For instance, ethics affect all aspects of the business including the brand image; sales, marketing, and also advertising principles which have a major impact on the company. These ethics affect the employees too, and the work they do online. Some of the questions asked entail who to trust online. This is a serious problem because there are many scammers online whose work is to commit frauds. Another questionRead MoreUse of Information Technology in Medicine817 Words   |  4 Pagesextends well beyond its most obvious manifestation, the internet. It consists of an enormously diverse set of technologies for transmitting and managing health information for use by doctors, other healthcare providers, patients, payers, researchers and various other stakeholders with an interest in healthcare. Today, the internet is the dominant medium for obtaining all types of information. Patients are increasingly consulting the internet about their health needs, both before and after consultingRead MoreProject Management Concept Worksheet Essay1043 Words   |  5 Pageslack of planning. While issues arose regarding vendors, the issues only pointed to Harrison-Keyes failure to truly grasp the necessity of building in contingency plans. The disaster of those around the company should never have an equally devastating impact on the company. While Harrison-Keyes has thought about contingency planning, their lack of solidifying plans is truly their biggest error. It is imperative to note that some plans should have been more involved than others. A simple list and communicationRead MoreInformation Storage and Retrieval1290 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresentation of knowledge and the retrieval of information relevant to a specific user problem (Mandhl, 2007). Information retrieval technology mostly used in universities and public library to help students or information users to access to books, journals and other information resources that they needed. It also applies at organizations which having large collection of documents or information. In â€Å"The Seven Ages of Information Retrieval† article written by Michael Lesk, mentions the idea of information

Marriage at an Early Age - 2585 Words

Marriage at an Early Age 1.0 Introduction Marriage is regarded as a moment of celebration and a milestone in adult life. The age at first marriage varies across the globe. Being married before the age of 18 has been a social norm in third world countries [refer to Appendix A]. The percentage of women being married before age 18 is estimated to be 20 to 50 percent in average in developing countries (Joyce, et al., 2001). On the other hand, western countries are unlikely to experience the similar pattern of marriage. The marital union is normally delayed too long although this is the most apparent reason for the breakdown in sexual ethics (Orsi, 2001). Because of its wealth, western society chooses to marry later in life until they have†¦show more content†¦It mostly talks about the disadvantages of early marriage to the girls including the lack of education, health problems and psychosocial disadvantages. The arguments given agree that early marriage does hamper self-development. 3.1 The Denial of Education The opponents believed that early marriage denies the right of young adolescents to the education they necessitate for self-development. In traditional societies, the investment in a girl’s education is thought to be wasted as the girl is going to marry and stay at home doing household chores (UNICEF, 2001). For instance, in Northern Nigeria, early marriage is the very reason girls are often withdrawing from school (UNICEF, 2001). Because of the early end of female education, they have limited opportunities to develop skills and acquire knowledge ‘that serve them well throughout their lives’ hence restricts their economic and career opportunities (Joyce, 2001). This is because withdrawal from school that results in illiterate and unskilled women will lead to no recognition in professional field. 3.2 Health and Reproduction Problem The opponents also argued that early childbearing which always occurs in early marriage endanger the lives of both the mother and her baby (Joyce, 2001). The early pregnancy increases the risk of complications and dying during delivery. A report shows that the risk of death due to pregnancy-related cases is doubled among women aged 15 to 19 compared to adult womenShow MoreRelated Early Marriage Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesEarly marriage is the marriage of children and adolescents below the age of 18. Causes: According to UNICEFs Innocenti Research Centre, the practice of marrying girls at a young age is most common in Sub-Saharan African and South Asia. There are specific parts of West Africa and East Africa and of South Asia where marriages before puberty are not unusual. However, the Centre also notes that marriage shortly after puberty is common among those living traditional lifestyles in the Middle EastRead MoreThe Effects of Getting Married at a Young Age980 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Effects of Getting Married at a Young Age Marriage means sharing a life together, loving each other and the most important thing that couples should be aware of is the responsibility that comes with it. Early marriages are sometimes forced but young adults who are getting married out of choice should be informed of personal and health issues. Getting married at a young age has negative effects to it, for instance it can cause a quick divorce and that is because the couple might be immatureRead MoreThe Issue of Forced Marriage1140 Words   |  5 PagesGirls all over the world are forced into marriages due to financial necessity, tradition and to ensure their future. Most of these girls married are at a young age: â€Å"One third of the world’s girls are married before the age of 18 and 1 in 9 are married before the age of 15†( â€Å"Child Marriage Facts and Figures†). The young ages of those being married reveal how crucial it is to resolve this problem. When child marriage occurs the parents of the brid e usually chose the groom for their daughters; andRead MoreMarriage, As A Fundamental Social And Cultural Institution.1551 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage, as a fundamental social and cultural institution. It is the most common environment for bearing and raising children, profoundly shapes sexual behaviors and practices, especially among those of young adults. It is considered as one of the greatest parts of a couple’s life; experiencing beautiful things that shall be cherished and treasured by wedded patterns for what is supposed to be all eternity. However, considering the new civilized and liberated nation in which we live in, it’s wellRead MoreEarly Marriage975 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION Early marriage is one of the most controversial topics nowadays, that s basically the main reason we decided to choose this topic. personally we are very passionate about this topic for many different reason but mostly importantly is because in our Muslim/Arab society early marriage is something very common. which we find is something not very common in the rest of the world. the aim of this assignment is to show the different point of views regarding early marriage and why some peopleRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Rights1581 Words   |  7 PagesHuman rights have yet to become the major local approach to social justice as applied to the practice of early marriage in the Amhara Regional State, in Ethiopia. Currently, the language of rights in Ethiopia is intertwined with the formal law and the packaging of rights via government channels. There is negligible political space for the international human rights norms to penetrate the community without the intermediary role of government institutions and networks. This to the large part is attributedRead MoreCompare and Contrast Early and Late Marriage750 Words   |  3 PagesMarriage is an inevitable stage of our life. However, people debate over the pros and cons of early marriage and late marriage. Some people get married early just because of their environment and culture. Some have to marry their partner due to pregnancy or other social issues. In some parts of the world, people focus more on education and career and they prefer to marry late. Undoubtedly, the marriage is one of the most important institutions of the society. Each person in the world would like toRead MorePersuasive Essay About Overpopulation1455 Words   |  6 Pagesof the world. Delay marriage, ending child marriages, and women empowerment might not seem like a lot, but it actually is. All these things can help the overpopulation problem we are facing today in certain parts of the world and in the future. If we all contribute to this we could help the world’s overpopulation issue. It has been proven that women with lesser education tend to get married a lot earlier than women with higher education. Women who got married at a young age tend to have no jobRead MoreEarly Marriage997 Words   |  4 PagesGetting married at a young age is not new in our society, especially amongst the Malay communities. The phenomenon of early marriage seems to be a trend and lifestyle among young people today, especially those who live in rural areas. In the early twenties of the age they have begun talking and thinking about marriage. For some, they accept and assume this as common in Malay traditions and communities, but for others, they consider that this situation and phenomenon should be changed as in line withRead MoreThe Effects of Early Marriage Among Young Adults872 Words   |  4 PagesTHE EFFECTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS. Young adults may endure misery as a result of early marriage. Until more is known about their situation there can be no reliable estimates of the scale of their predicament, or of the social damage that is carried forward in the upbringing they give to their own children. One thing is clear is the impact of early marriage on girls and to a lesser extent on boys. Early marriage may bring negatives effect such as, psychosocial disadvantages, hardship

Business Entities in Australia

Question: Describe about the business entities in Australia. Answer: Introduction Business entities are required to adhere to the rules and regulations related to business right from the incorporation of the company until its liquidation. Business laws are applicable to business entities and it largely depends on the structure of the business entity. In Australia, such business entities have to follow the laws stipulated by the Commonwealth as well as the State. There are instances where local and other authoritative bodies play a pivotal role in implementing rules and regulations forming a part of the legislative structure. In the present business environment, proper management and compliance exert a great amount of influence on the manner in which business entities undertake their business activities ("Food safety standards (Australia only)", 2016). Compliance can be said to be the adherence of business entities to the laws applicable to them. Corporate governance and ethics have become an integral part of business management and sustainability. Compliance is a n extensive concept and it requires an organisation to perform various related tasks. The first step in the process of compliance is identifying the applicable legislations. In the given case in hand, a family runs a restaurant business by the name of the Great Catch. This study is directed towards exploring the various types of laws that this business is required to comply with along with other industry participants. Any food related business is a part of the food and beverage industry. The first thing that comes to everybodys mind is food safety and security. As per the given scenario, the restaurant business is situated in Sydney, which is the capital of New South Wales. Thus, the food and safety regulations applicable in the state will have to be complied by the business. Along with state legislations, the Food Safety Standard applicable to the whole of Australia will also be of significance ("Safe Food Australia", 2016). The legislative compliance related to the industry will be discussed in the later portion of the study. The first part of this study will be discussing about the registration requirements of the business. Every business is required to get itself registered under the relevant authority. Business name is registered under the provisions of the Australian Securities and Investment Commission Act 2001 (ASIC) ("Registering a business name | ASIC - Australian Securities and Investme nts Commission", 2016). The ASIC stipulates that when a business is carried on in Australia, such a business be required to be registered for the purpose of compliance. Business registration can be done online from the portal of the ASIC. This registration process is related to registering the name of the business. ASIC also stipulates that entities be required to get their business name registered when such business is not carried on in the name of the owner. The next step of compliance requires business entities to get an Australian Business Number (ABN) ("Apply for an ABN | Australian Business Register", 2016). This requirement is related to tax liabilities of an organisation. Business organisations are required to file their tax return with the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). ABN is required while filing such tax return with the ATO. Application for an ABN can be done from the portal of the Australian Business Register (ABR) online ("Australian Business Register", 2016). Tax F iling Number (TFN) is another important element that is required while filing a tax return. Similar to ABN, application for acquiring a TFN can be made from the portal of the ABR ("Tax file number | Australian Taxation Office", 2016). The restaurant business involves selling of goods and services and thus, it is required to get the business registered under the Goods and Service Tax (GST) regime. GST is an important element of tax that is related to a business organisation ("Registering for GST | Australian Taxation Office", 2016). A business organisation has to get itself registered under the GST if it has a turnover of $75000 or more in an income year. The seafood restaurant business can get itself registered under the GST at the time of obtaining the ABN or it may get itself registered at a later stage when it is expected to reach or cross the stipulated turnover threshold. Another important aspect of compliance is intellectual property rights. A business organisation has intangible assets along with its physical tangible assets. Intellectual properties are such intangible assets that are very valuable and important to organisations. Intellectual properties include trademark, patents, designs and other secret p rocesses that a business exclusively develops. IP Laws Amendment Act 2015 governs intellectual properties. IP Australia is the governing authority that is responsible for registering intellectual properties and matters related to such intellectual properties ("IP Laws Amendment Act 2015 | IP Australia", 2016). The business will have to register its brand name and trade mark under the provisions of the Trade Marks Act 1995. In case the business develops any exclusive recipe, a patent for such recipe can be applied and registered. Intellectual properties are very important and sensitive. Infringement of intellectual property rights may result in paying hefty penalties by the infringing party or parties. Therefore, care should be taken while registering names, designs, trademarks and brand names. It should not be similar to any property that has been registered previously by someone else ("IP legislation | IP Australia", 2016). This part of the essay will deal with the compliance of legislations that are applicable to the food and beverage industry. As mentioned earlier, the business is required to comply with the provisions of the Food Safety Standards. The standards state that restaurant business is a food business that undertakes or deals with food that are offered for sale. The standards are required to be followed by any entity that offers any kind of food for sale in Australia. This is obligatory for businesses engaged in the food and beverage industry ("Standard 3.2.2 Food Safety Practices and General Requirements", 2016). The primary objective of the standards is to ensure that the food that is offered for sale is edible and safe. In essence, people or businesses selling foods are required to follow certain protocols while preparing and swerving food items. The stipulated protocols include hygiene obligations that an entity producing, processing and selling food items. The standards are classified under five heads namely Interpretation and Application, Food safety Programs, Food safety Practices and General Requirements, Food Premises and Equipment and Food Safety Programs for Food Service to Vulnerable People. Entities engaged in the food and beverage industry are required to adhere to these standards in strict sense while undertaking their business activity of selling food. Apart from the standards floated by the Commonwealth, entities engaged in the industry are required to comply with other legislations. One such example is the Australia New Zealand Food Service Code. This is popularly known as FSANZ. State legislations include the Food Act 2013 and Food regulations of the NSW state. These legislations relate to food safety and security and govern the type of food sold including restaurants. Some other legislation is also applicable to the restaurant business. These legislations govern the manner in which the business activities are undertaken by the business entity. Such legislations include the Trade Practices Act 1974, Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 1987. The Trade Practices Act and the Fair Trading Act related to competitive practices of an organisation or entity. Pricing of goods and services shall be competitive to the industry. Entities are prohibited from engaging in activities that hamper healthy competition in the industry. The refore, the provisions of these legislations are to be complied with in strict sense. Australian Consumer Law deals with the rights of customers and obligations of the seller. This legislation promotes fair-trading and protects the rights of the consumers. Conclusion It can be seen from the above detailed discussion that a business entity has to comply with various types of legislation in the course of its life while undertaking its specific business activities. Some of these legislations are general and has to be followed and complied with by every business entity. On the other hand, some legislations are to be followed by entities to ensure fair trading activities are undertaken by them along with protecting the rights of the consumers. However, entities engaged in the food and beverage industry are required to follow the Food Standards stipulated by the Commonwealth of Australia. The state of NSW also stipulates some legislative provisions that are applicable to businesses engaged in the food and beverage industry. Therefore, it can be noticed that there exists a complete framework for the seafood restaurant business that it has to comply with in order to facilitate smooth functioning of the business. 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